كتاب Bacteriological and epidemiological findings during examination of the uterine content of ewes with retention of fetal membranes

Bacteriological and epidemiological findings during examination of the uterine content of ewes with retention of fetal membranes من كتب طب بيطرى Bacteriological and epidemiological ®ndings during examination of the uterine content of ewes with retention of fetal membranes A. Tzora a , L.S. Leontides b , G.S. Amiridis b , G. Manos a , G.C. Fthenakis b,* a Technological Educational Institution of Epirus, Arta, Greece b Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, P.O. Box 199, 43100 Karditsa, Greece Received 18 January 2001; accepted 15 June 2001 Abstract We included 92 pairs of ewes with or without retention of fetal membranes in a cohort study of 25 ̄ocks in Southern Greece. We obtained two uterine content samples under aseptic conditions, by introducing a swab into the uterus of these ewes, on the 2nd±4th and the 5th±9th day after lambing. We used conventional bacteriological techniques to isolate and identify bacteria and to carry out antimicrobial agents susceptibility testing. The prevalence of bacterial intrauterine contamination among ewes with retention was 24% on the ®rst and 46% on the second sampling 6 P < 0 : 0001) and that among ewes without retention was 8 and 2% 6 P > 0 : 05), respectively. Clinical signs accom- panying the retention of fetal membranes were more frequently observed among ewes with intrauterine contamination than among those without 6 P ˆ 0 : 0007). The odds of an ewe having an intrauterine contamination increased multiplicatively by 1.06 when the median duration of retention in the ̄ock increased by 6 h. The principal bacteria isolated from the ewes with retention were Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Escherichia coli ; 21% of 73 isolates tested were found resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. # 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Sheep reproduction; Fetal membranes; Infection; Metritis; Arcanobacterium pyogenes 1.Introduction Postpartum intrauterine contamination has been studied extensively incows. Thegenital tractisparticularlysusceptibletoinfectionsimmediatelyafter calving,butitisusuallyable to overcome the nonspeci®c bacterial contamination [1]. In an early study,  93% of dairy Theriogenology 57 62002) 1809±1817 * Corresponding author. Tel.: ‡ 30-932-641-379; fax: ‡ 30-441-66041. E-mail address: [email protected] 6G.C. Fthenakis). 0093-691X/02/$ ± see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. PII: S 0093-691X602)00684-2
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