تصميم الكمرات العميقة

Contents
Preface
Contributors
1    Reinforced concrete deep beams
F.K.KONG†and†M.CHEMROUK
Notation
1.1   Introduction
1.2   History†and†development
1.3   Current†design†practice
1.4   CIRIA†Guide†2
1.4.1 CIRIA†Guide†ëSimple†Rulesí
1.4.2 CIRIA†Guide†ëSupplementary†Rulesí
1.5   Draft†Eurocode†and†CEB-FIP†Model†Code
1.5.1 Flexural†strength:†simply†supported†deep†beams
1.5.2 Flexural†strength:†continuous†deep†beams
1.5.3 Shear†strength†and†web†reinforcement
1.6   ACI†Building†Code†318ñ83†(revised†1986)
1.6.1 Flexural†strength
1.6.2 Shear†strength
1.7   Canadian†Code†CAN3-A23.3-M84
1.7.1 Flexural†strength
1.7.2 Shear†strength
References
2    Strength and behaviour of deep beams
M.D.KOTSOVOS
Notation
2.1   Introduction
2.2   Current†concepts†for†beam†design
2.3   Effect†of†transverse†stresses
2.3.1 Flexural†capacity
2.3.2 Shear†capacity
2.4   Compressive†force†path†concept
2.5   Deep†beam†behaviour†at†ultimate†limit†state
2.5.1 Causes†of†failure
2.5.2 Arch†and†tie†action
2.5.3 Effect†of†transverse†reinforcement
2.6   Design†implications
2.6.1 Modelling
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.
CONTENTS
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2.6.2 Design†method
2.6.3 Verification†of†design†method
References
3    Deep beams with web openings
S.P.RAY
Notation
3.1   Introduction
3.2   Factors†influencing†behaviour
3.3   General†behaviour†in†shear†failure†(under†two-point†loading)
3.3.1 Beam†with†rectangular†web†openings
3.3.2 Beam†with†circular†web†openings
3.3.3 Flexural†cracks
3.4   General†behaviour†in†shear†failure†(under†four-point†loading)
3.5   Effect†of†web†opening
3.6   Effects†of†main†and†web†reinforcements
3.7   Diagonal†mode†of†shear†failure†load
3.8   Definitions
3.9   Criterion†of†failure†and†strength†theory
3.10  Ultimate†shear†strength
3.10.1Evaluation†of†web†opening†parameter
3.10.2
Ultimate†shear†strength
3.11
Simplified†design†expression
3.12Ultimate†strength†in†flexur
3.13Simplified†expression†for†flexural†strengt
3.14Extension†of†theory†of†ultimate†shear†strength†of†beam
to†four-point†loading.
3.15Extension†for†uniformly†distributed†loading
3.16
Recommendations†for†design†of†beams†for†shear†and†flexure
3.17
Recommendations†for†lever†arm†(Z)
3.18
Design†example.
References
4
Continuous deep beams
D.ROGOWSKY
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Distinguishing†behaviour†of†continuous†deep†beams
4.2.1
Previous†tests
4.2.2
Continuous†deep†beams†
vs
†continuous†shallow†beams
4.2.3
Continuous†deep†beams†
vs
†simple†span†deep†beams
4.3
Capacity†predictions†by†various†methods
4.3.1
Elastic†analysis
4.3.2
Finite†element†analysis
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.
CONTENTS
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4.3.3 ACI318
4.3.4 Kong,†Robins†and†Sharp
4.3.5 Truss†models
4.4   Truss†models†for†continuous†deep†beams
4.5   Design†of†continuous†deep†beams
4.6   Design†example
4.7   Summary
References
5    Flanged deep beams
H.SOLANKI†and†A.GOGATE
Notation
5.1   Introduction
5.2   Review†of†current†knowledge
5.3   Modes†of†failure
5.3.1 Mode†of†failure†1:†flexural-shear†failure
5.3.2 Mode†of†failure†2:†flexural-shear-compression†failure
5.3.3 Mode†of†failure†3:†diagonal†splitting†failure
5.3.4 Mode†of†failure†4:†splitting†with†compression†failure
5.4   Analysis
5.4.1 ACI†Building†Code
5.4.2 CIRIA†Guide†2
5.4.3 Method†of†Taner†
et al.
5.4.4 Method†of†Regan†and†Hamadi
5.4.5 Method†of†Subedi†for†flanged†beams†with
web†stiffeners
5.5   Design†example†1:†Beam-panel†P311†(Taner†
et al.,
†1977)
5.6   Design†example†2:†ACI†Code
References
6    Deep beams under top and bottom loading
A.R.CUSENS
Notation
6.1   Introduction
6.2   Early†tests†on†deep†beams†under†top†and†bottom†loading
6.3   Tests†at†Leeds†University
6.4   Description†of†test†specimens
6.5   Crack†patterns
6.6Crack†width
6.7
Design†approaches
6.7.1
American†Concrete†Institute
6.7.2
Sch ̧ttís†equations
6.7.3
CIRIA†Guide
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.
CONTENTS
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6.8   Top-loaded†wall-beams
6.9   Bottom-loaded†wall-beams
6.10  Combined†top†and†bottom†loading
6.11  Summary†and†recommendations
References
7    Shear strength predictionósoftened truss model
S.T.MAU†and†T.T.C.HSU
Notation
7.1   Introduction
7.2   Modelling†of†deep†beams
7.2.1 Shear†element
7.2.2 Effective†transverse†compression
7.3   Softened†truss†model
7.3.1 Fundamental†assumptions
7.3.2 Stress†transformation†(equilibrium)
7.3.3 Strain†transformation†(compatibility)
7.3.4 Material†laws
7.3.5 Solution†algorithm
7.3.6 Accuracy
7.4   Parametric†study
7.4.1 Shear-span-to-height†ratio
7.4.2 Longitudinal†reinforcement
7.4.3 Transverse†reinforcement
7.5   Explicit†shear†strength†equation
7.5.1 Derivation†of†equation
7.5.2 Calibration
7.6   Conclusions
References
8    Shear strength predictionóplastic method
M.W.BRAESTRUP
Notation
8.1   Introduction
8.2   Plasticity†theory
8.2.1 Limit†analysis
8.2.2 Rigid,†perfectly†plastic†model
8.3   Structural†concrete†plane†elements
8.3.1 Concrete†modelling
8.3.2 Reinforcement†modelling
8.3.3 Yield†lines
8.4   Shear†strength†of†deep†beams
8.4.1 Lower†bound†analysis
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.
CONTENTS
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8.4.2 Upper†bound†analysis
8.4.3 Experimental†evidence
8.4.4 Shear†reinforcement
8.5   Conclusion
References
9    Finite element analysis
Y.K.CHEUNG†and†H.C.CHAN
Notation
9.1   Introduction
9.2   Concept†of†finite†element†method
9.3   Triangular†plane†stress†elements
9.4   Rectangular†plane†stress†elements
9.4.1 Isoparametric†quadrilaterals
9.4.2 Equivalent†load†vector
9.4.3 Stiffness†matrix†of†rectangle†with†sides†2a◊2b
9.5   Elastic†stress†distribution†in†deep†beam†by†finite
element†method
9.6   Finite†element†model†for†cracked†reinforced†concrete
9.7   Modelling†of†reinforcing†steel†bars
9.8   Point†element†or†linkage†element
9.9   Discrete†cracking†model
9.10  Smeared†cracking†model
9.11  Modelling†of†constitutive†relationship†of†concrete
9.12  Constitutive†relationship†of†steel†bars
9.13  Cracking†in†concrete†and†yielding†in†steel
9.14  Stiffness†of†cracked†element
9.15  Solution†procedure
9.15.1 Increment†procedure
9.15.2 Iterative†procedure
9.15.3 Mixed†procedure
9.15.4 Flow†chart†of†non-linear†analysis†procedure
9.16Example†of†non-linear†analysis†of†reinforced†concret
deep†beams
References
10  Stability and strength of slender concrete deep beams
F.K.KONG†and†H.H.A.WONG
Notation
10.1  Introduction
10.2  Slender†deep†beam†behaviour
10.2.1 Elastic†behaviour
10.2.2 Ultimate†load†behaviour
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.
CONTENTS
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10.3    Current design methodsóCIRIA Guide 2 (1977)
10.3.1  CIRIA Guide Simple Rules
10.3.2  CIRIA Guide Supplementary Rules
10.3.3  CIRIA Guide Appendix C: Single-Panel Method
10.3.4  CIRIA Guide Appendix C: Two-Panel Method
10.4    The equivalent-column method
10.4.1  Theoretical background
10.4.2  Stability analysis of columns: graphical method
10.4.3  Stability analysis of columns: improved
graphical methods
10.4.4  Stability analysis of columns: analytical method
10.5    Stability analysis of slender deep beams: the equivalent-
column method
10.6Deep beam buckling comparison with test result
10.7    Concluding remarks
Reference
© 2002 Taylor & Francis Books, Inc.

 Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams
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